Leukemia :: Cancer Research Health Essays

Leukemia Leukemia is a malady portrayed by the development of irregular quantities of white blood cells, for which no specific fix has been found. Leukemia is additionally conditions described by the change of typical blood-shaping cells into unusual white platelets whose over the top development overpowers and replaces typical bone marrow and platelets. Leukemias are named as per the ordinary cell from which they begin, for example, Lymphocyte Leukemia. Lymphocyte Leukemia is the place a Lymphocyte cell is changed into a Leukemia cell. Another case of Leukemia is Myelocytic or (Granulocytic Leukemia). This structures when a Myelocytic cell is changed or changed into a Leukemia cell. Diverse Leukemia's are situated in the magnifying instrument and by how much protein they contain. These Leukemia's are normally serious also, need treatment immediately. The present frequency of new cases every year in the United States is around 25 to each 100,000 people. The peril to the patient lies in the development of these irregular white cells, which meddle with the development of the red platelets, typical white blood cells, and the blood platelets. The uncontrolled development of the irregular white cells delivers a propensity to unstop dying, the danger of getting genuine contamination in the injuries, and an extremely little plausibility of block of the veins. Treatment of these Leukemias incorporate chemotherapy with alkylafing specialists, or antimetabodies that stifle the development of irregular white cells. Another treatment of a few kind would be the x-beam or the organization or radioactive substances, or radiophosphorus, may be utilized. After treatment these sicknesses may last for a long time. Age of the individual determined to have Leukemia has a significant impact in how that individual reacts to any treatment. The more established the individual the less reaction he may need to treatment. Leukemia in Animals white platelets is considerably less regular as Leukemia in people white platelets. The present treatment for the most part incorporates chemotherapy and additionally bone marrow transplantation steady consideration, where transfusions of blood segments and brief treatment of muddling contaminations, is significant. Ninety percent of youngsters with Acute Lymphocyte Leukemia have gotten chemotherapy and fifty percent of proposals kids have been completely restored of Leukemia. Treatment of AML or Acute Myeolcytic Leukemia isn't as effective yet has been improving increasingly more all through the 1990's. Researchers that review the reason for Leukemia have not had particularly achievement recently. Large portions of x-beams can expand the adequacy development of Leukemia. Synthetics, for example, Benzene additionally may build the danger of getting Leukemia. Researchers have given examinations a shot Leukemia in Animals by transmitting RNA into the body of the Animal. Understanding of these outcomes in connection with human Leukemia is mindful at this time. Studies have additionally recommended that family history, race, hereditary elements, and geology may

Racial Profiling an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

Racial Profiling Race profiling is characterized as the incorporation of race in the profile of an individual regarded liable to execute a specific wrongdoing or kind of wrongdoing. It is exemplified as any police or private security system into which an individual is viewed as a suspect as a result of their race, ethnicity, nationality or statement of faith. The incorporation of race as one of the various factors in speculate profiling is overall supported by the law implementation network inside the Western world. Race riots have likewise been refered to as a manifestation of racial profiling. It is contended that profiling based on any quality is a reliable and all inclusive police apparatus, and that precluding race as a factor is equivalent to being indiscreet. Need exposition test on Racial Profiling theme? We will compose a custom exposition test explicitly for you Continue Towards the last piece of the twentieth century in the United States however, the methodology got disliked with the overall population as misuses by law implementation were found. This happens as police explore, stop, search, look or apply power against an individual dependent on such qualities rather than confirmation of an individual's criminal operations. It every now and again involves the halting and scanning of ethnic minorities for petty criminal offenses, perceived as DWB or driving while dark or earthy colored. Though commonly related with African Americans and Latinos, racial profiling and DWB have likewise ended up being shorthand articulations for police stops of Asians, Native Americans, and, progressively after 9/11, Arabs, Muslims and South Asians ( Pampel, 2004). Racial profiling may mean person on foot stops, pack databases, bike quits, utilizing police assault hounds, doubt at stores and shopping centers, movement worksite invasions, and notwithstanding the 2000 presidential political decision in Florida, badgering while in transit to surveys, or casting a ballot while dark or earthy colored. Indeed, even Customs and some other air terminal work force likewise utilize racial profiling of suburbanites (Defosse, 2002). Some state that racial profiling is totally baseless, for example, profiling an African American individual due to their race. So the inquiry at the start will be Is racial profiling genuine? About all Americans accept so. In a July 2001 Gallup survey, it gives a record that 55 percent of whites and 83 percent of blacks think racial profiling is inescapable. Additionally, the reports of thousands of racial and ethnic gathering individuals over the state add believability to the evaluation that racial profiling is very much established. These are accounts from varying backgrounds, solid, productive ordinary individuals, however film and TV characters, proficient competitors, and individuals from the military. Also, reports of racial profiling originate from regarded individuals from networks of shading, for example, law authorization officers, examiners, judges, state officials, lawful agents, dental specialists and even delegates in Congress, who have been casualties (Weitzer and Tuch, 2006). A few quarters contend that racial profiling is in reality only another term for an old practice known by different names: institutional bigotry and segregation and owes its being to bias that has stayed in this nation since bondage. Pundits keep up that race should not the slightest bit be considered for any premise in a police experience; it ought not in the least be viewed as the major or rousing reason for doubt. It is on the grounds that its used to portray a particular suspect in a particular wrongdoing and just when utilized in a way like other physical portrayals (e.g., hair shading, weight, recognizing marks). In addition regardless of whether race could be profitable, utilization of race conceivably will prompt a lot more errors where the genuine transgressor happened not to fit the race anticipated by the example and law authorization neglects to catch the suspect. It is at times basic to respect racial factors in a manner that may not be legitimately evident from the above when managing detest violations and so forth, however it is uncommon to consider conditions where racial profiling would help police dynamic in this circumstance. This is regularly alluded to as the be keeping watch (BOLO) exemption. Various gatherings fight that if a disproportional number of individuals from a race are, for instance, halted, looked, or captured, contrasted with everyone or to different races, it is because of separation or imbalance. Furthermore, there are those that state that in the United States, the administration doesn't reserve the privilege to perform racial profiling. The Fourth Amendment of the US Constitution ties down the option to be shielded from outlandish pursuit and seizure without clear reason. Taking into account the way that the extensive mass of individuals of all races are honest residents, essentially being of a race which a cop considers to be bound to complete a wrongdoing than another isn't reasonable justification. Also, the Fourteenth Amendment of the US Constitution forces that all US residents be managed similarly under the law. It is illegal for a delegate of the administration to make decisions based on race. This perception has been upheld by the US Supreme Court in Batson v. Kentucky and various different cases (Pampel, 2004). A few gatherings likewise contend that police who focus their restricted consideration on one racial gathering permit lawbreakers from other racial gatherings to go free. After the 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing, specialists depleted an unbalanced measure of time and assets on two men of Middle Eastern family line. It worked out that this fear based oppressor assault was completed by a white male; if the psychological oppressor had proposed more than one demonstration of savagery, the misuse of confined assets testing men of Middle Eastern plunge may perhaps have cost lives. In worker places like air terminals, racial profiling is from time to time used to single out who to examine more carefully and lengthily than every other person. In the event that an individual's physical highlights appear as though somebody of Middle Eastern birthplace, at that point they're regularly expected to be halted and looked systematically than somebody who has the physical highlights of an European person . It has likewise been shown that a great deal of Arabs and South Asians look somewhat like South (and sporadically even North) Europeans (Defosse, 2002). As indicated by certain supporters (Weitzer and Tuch 2006)., just the non-racial elements are justified in presume profiling; police should give no consideration to any ethnic or racial data they have on individuals made up for lost time in the illicit exchange. During a 2002 survey, for example, 73 percent of whites, 77 percent of Hispanics, and 91 percent of African Americans denounced of racial profiling by the police. Associations, for example, NAAP and the ACLU are ardently restricted to racial profiling. A lot of wrongdoings is executed by whites, they state, and profiling dependent on race singles out minorities, for example, African-Americans and people of Hispanic drop. They likewise banter the case that more wrongdoing is done by minorities, since, they state, it has been factually checked not to be the situation. In any case, in an assent order, the State Police affirmed to execute another strategy that no individual might be captured and held dependent on race, aside from said character relates with the sketch of a particular suspect. References Defosse, Jonathan R., Asian Americans, radical profiling, and national security, in: George Washington Law Review, 70 (2002), no. 1, pp. 181-211. Pampel, Fred C., Racial profiling, New York: Facts on File, c2004. 284 p.; 24 cm. Recovered from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_profiling Ronald Weitzer and Steven Tuch. 2006. Race and Policing in America: Conflict and Reform (New York: Cambridge University Press).

Barbara Jordan: The First African-American Woman State Senator

Jordan battled for the Texas House of Representatives in 1962 and 1964. [1] Her determination won her a seat in the Texas Senate in 1966, turning into the primary African American state congressperson since 1883 and the main dark lady to serve in that body. [1] Re-chose for a full term in the Texas Senate in 1968, she served until 1972. She was the primary African-American female to fill in as president ace tem. of the state senate and served one day, June 10, 1972, as acting legislative head of Texas.In 1972, she was chosen for the United States House of Representatives, turning into the principal dark lady from a Southern state to serve in the House. She got broad help from previous President Lyndon Johnson, who helped her safe a situation on the House Judiciary Committee. In 1974, she made a persuasive, broadcast discourse before the House Judiciary Committee supporting the prosecution of President Richard Nixon.Jordan was referenced as a potential running mate to Jimmy Carter in 1976,[1] and that year she turned into the main African-American lady to convey the keynote address at the Democratic National Convention. [1] Her discourse in New York that late spring was positioned fifth in â€Å"Top 100 American Speeches of the twentieth century† list and was considered by numerous antiquarians to have been the best show keynote discourse in current history. In spite of not being an applicant Jordan got one representative vote (0. 03%) for president at the convention.Jordan resigned from governmental issues in 1979 and turned into a subordinate teacher showing morals at the University of Texas at Austin Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs. She again was a keynote speaker at the Democratic National Convention in 1992. In 1995, Jordan led a Congressional commission that pushed expanded limitation of migration, required all U. S. occupants to convey a national personality card and expanded punishments on managers that abused U. S. migration guidelines . [2][3] Then-President Clinton embraced the Jordan Commission's proposition. 4] While she was Chair of the U. S. Commission on Immigration Reform she contended that â€Å"it is both a privilege and a duty of a vote based society to oversee migration with the goal that it serves the national intrigue. † Her position on migration is refered to by rivals of current US movement approach who refer to her eagerness to punish bosses who damage US movement guidelines, to fix fringe security, and to contradict absolution or some other pathway to citizenship for unlawful immigrants[5] and to expand the justification for the expulsion of legitimate settlers. [6]

Sleeplessness as a Cause of Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Restlessness as a Cause of Obesity - Essay Example In spite of this examination, specialists are of the view that different puzzling elements are assuming their job in delineating the connection among restlessness and stoutness. Specialists are not persuaded that they have target motivations to have faith in the reason impact connection among restlessness and weight. By the by, it has commonly been seen that individuals that take a normal 8 hr night rest are very lesser in danger of getting stout than individuals who stay conscious. Past cases propose an opposite connection between the normal rest time and the corpulence rate. I for one believe that there is an immediate connection among restlessness and corpulence. The creator gave two motivations to accepting there is a backwards interface. In light of them, I present my own two reasons that propose that there is an immediate connection between the two. Right off the bat, when an individual stays alert instead of rest, he/she is continually applying either intellectually or truly or both. This effort brings down the vitality level and the put away vitality as fat is expended. There is minimal possibility that the individual would expend a full feast in the night like he/she does in the day on the grounds that the body isn't receptive to the utilization around evening time. Besides, when the digestion stays low for the remainder of the day following a restless night, an individual is probably going to expend lesser food than what he/she would devour in typical conditions. Both of these are solid prospects and both shield the person from putting on weight. Truth be told, I for one lost 3 kilos weight during last tests when I needed to stay alert throughout the night for a few evenings continuously. Having introduced my two reasons, I know why I lost those 3 kilos. I didn't eat anything during the evenings, and furthermore would not eat much in the next days. Steady mental effort in the evenings and lower digestion during the days would have helped me lose 3 kilos. The article caused me to feel great. In spite of the fact that I don’t completely accept the contention, yet it would be decent regardless of whether it is genuine on the grounds that I would not need to stay conscious to get thinner all things considered!

Why singapore failed to be a major trading centre?

Why singapore neglected to be a significant exchanging focus? â€Å"No student of history has yet enough disclosed why Singapore neglected to be a significant exchanging focus before the nineteenth century†. Pools Professor of History, Wong Lin Ken. a. Do new Dutch/Portuguese reports, maps and meager archeological proof going back past the nineteenth Century currently propose that Singapore was ALWAYS a key spot all things considered? Various confirmations had been revealed, and reports and archeological discoveries particularly, unquestionably recommend that Singapore was generally vital between the time of Temasek, in fourteenth century, and late seventeenth century. Be that as it may, to reason that Singapore was henceforth constantly vital would most likely be a lot of an exaggeration. This article will talk about Singapores vital importance, with the help of these confirmations, during the distinctive timespans. During the fourteenth century, exchange was at that point continuous between the West, South Asia and East Asia. The Melaka Straits was significant for dealers to sail back and forth the Indian Ocean toward the South China Sea. Cruising in the past relied upon wind bearing, in this manner ships needed to stop in Southeast Asia (SEA) to hang tight for an adjustment in wind course to bring them towards either China or India. Singapore was consequently a key port since she was situated in SEA and along Melaka Straits, making it an advantageous visit henceforth the focal of universal exchange. Bits of celadon (from China), Chinese coins, parts of stoneware (essentially from Guangdong and South Fujian) and earthernware (from Sumatra, Java and Borneo)and under-coated blue and white stem cup (increasingly costly of porcelains from Jingdezhen during Yuan Dynasty)recovered bolster the above case as they recommend broad exchange joins Temasek had with China and SEA, and that its occupants, par ticularly the wealthier ones occupying Fort Canning, had the option to bear the cost of the more impeccable results of Jingdezhen. Temasek at that point, had the option to draw in oceanic exchange by giving special items that adversary ports couldn't gracefully. Recorded by Wang Da Yuan in Daoyi zhilue,Temasek provided indigenous items like hornbills casques of superb quality. Discovered uniquely between north of Malay Peninsula and South of Borneo, brokers can just lay their hands on it at Temasek or Palembang. In spite of the fact that Lakawood was in plenitude, Temasek was one of the five ports that offer those of center quality. Celadon, white products and stonewares revealed at Riau Archipelago, going back to the time of Temasek, had examples and specialty like those imported from Temasek. Moreover, the cause of glassbeads of Riau Archipelago and Temasek ought to be indistinguishable given comparable organizations. Thus, Temasek presumably filled in as an assortment community and a section to send out for Riau Archipelago. For this situation, confirmations do recommend that Singapore was succeeding and had an impact on territorial economy and was accordingly vital. During the fifteenth to seventeenth hundreds of years, however Singapore declined somewhat when Temasek was moved to Melaka, pieces of under-coated blue porcelains found at Kallang River, and Portuguese maps which demonstrate the nearness of a shahbandars office, as explained in (b), recommend that she held a portion of its vital noteworthiness as a port by keeping up some exchange with China. As referenced, being one of the deliberately arranged along the Melaka Straits, the force that had the option to raise a vital strength around the waters around Singapore would be advantaged regarding security and financially. The Dutch had needed to crush Luso (Portuguese-Spanish) syndications in SEA when they initially began assaulting Portuguese exchanging ships around Singapore waters and pronounced war with the Portuguese when they struck Santa Catarina and sold its items. This saw the maritime fights between the Dutch and Johor Sultanate, and Portuguese and Acehnese in the mid seventeenth century and offered ascend to the contemplations of strengthening Singapore by the two forces. Jacques De Coutre proposed to fabricate fortresses at the east shore of Singapore and Muar River estuary and station a maritime armada at Sentosa to shield Portuguese exchanging ships from the Dutch. Dutch had similar places as a top priority for their fortress plans. Till this point, the Dutch and P ortuguese reports do recommend that Singapore was vital. Be that as it may, the plans never acknowledged, which made us reconsider if Singapore was actually that vital all things considered. Singapores key hugeness took a turn in the eighteenth century. There was very little proof to demonstrate this timeframe, yet by referencing to my logical information, we realize that the Dutch moved their concentration from the Melaka Straits to the Sunda Straits, Portuguese redirected their exchange to Japan experiencing issues exchanging the Melaka Straits and Johor Sultanate moved their funding to the Lingga Archipelago, moving the sea silk street southwards. Singapore lost its incentive with the declination of Melaka Straits and was relinquished. She not, at this point held any key noteworthiness to members of the oceanic exchange. Maybe it is definitely that very little proof was discovered that goes back to this timeframe that it recommends that exchanging exercises Singapore was kept to its base. In addition, no coins or porcelains were revealed that dates past the Song and Yuan Dynasty, and the Ming Dynasty separately, further supporting my relevant information. It is apparent that Singapores vital hugeness changes with time, contingent upon human-related factors, for example, governmental issues and financial matters, and subsequently is relative. The confirmations may appear to infer that Singapore was constantly key, yet when seen from another point, they can likewise recommend in any case as expressed in the past passage. Accordingly to state that they recommend that Singapore is constantly key might be excessively outrageous. b.In light of this proof, should Singapores history from 1511 to 1819 be composed as (1) minimal in excess of a sluggish angling town? (2) a declining yet at the same time flourishing emporium on the back of fervently challenged vital waters (3) some portion of the Johor Sultanate?Please clarify your inclination. From the fifteenth century to seventeenth century, Singapore was a (3) some portion of the Johor Sultanate, yet she was (2) a declining yet flourishing emporium with on leg on each side of fervently challenged vital waters between the sixteenth and seventeenth century. It was distinctly during the mid eighteenth century that exchange Singapore began plunging, and she was seen by the British as a tired angling town when they ventured aground in 1819. Henceforth, (1) minimal more than â€Å"a tired angling village† reasonably depicts Singapores history between this period as it is a more extensive title and therefore envelops both (2) and (3), and the decrease of significance of Singapores port coming about because of the declination of the Melaka Straits during the eighteenth century represents Singapore being â€Å"a tired angling village†. At the point when Singapore was (3), exchange was all the while progressing however unimportant contrasted with its Temasek period. Unearthings on the north bank of Singapore River, where a settlement was once present, and Kallang River uncovered pieces of pottery and under-coated blue porcelains with plans going back to the standard of Ming Emperor Wanli (1573 to 1620). Comparable discoveries in Johor Lama and Johor Shoal infer that the discoveries in Singapore had a place with the Johor River exchange constrained by the Johor Sultans. Some may recommend that these pieces may have been arranged into the Kallang River when ships visit for provisions since they broke during the journey, and not in light of exchange present Singapore. This might be valid, nonetheless, as indicated by two Portuguese maps, a shahbandar of the Johor Sultans office was included on the southern shore of Singapore, refuting the above guess and demonstrating that exchange at the Kallang River was thriving to the degree it required a shahbandar to run it. This likewise demonstrates Singapore at that point, was proceeding with some level of exchange with China, indicating that she was (1). As referenced, exchange was additionally falling, contrasted with its Temasek period, as during this time, Melaka was the principle port for worldwide exchange. Singapore at that point, upheld Melaka by giving products from herself to Melaka to send out. A model being blackwood, which was brought from Singapore to Melaka, and afterward purchased in mass by Chinese brokers. (2) may now appear to be conceivable now in the paper since Singapore was a declining yet flourishing emporium, and proof show that its waters are fervently challenged for between the Dutch and Johor Sultanate, and the Portuguese and Acehnese, and Singapore was seen by both as vital to assemble a fortification to accomplish their individual points as referenced in (a). In any case, one may wish to take note of that Singapores waters may not be that vital all things considered. In 1613, Aceh effectively assaulted Batu Sawar as she was disturbed about the marking of the harmony settlement between Johor Sultanate and Portuguese, revealing the helpless situation of Singapore waters, rendering it not, at this point key. Besides, when Melaka Straits lost its significance to Sunda Straits in the late seventeenth century, Singapore was dismissed and declined over the eighteenth century. Its waters were not, at this point challenged and the issue on it being key or not got unimportant. A town of Orang Lauts and Malays, not being quite a bit of an arrangement, were all that were left in Singapore. Melaka Straits was loaded up with privateers and Singapore, lying on the Straits, was consequently observed as a lethargic angling town by the British when they arrived in the nineteenth century. (2) doesn't consider these happenings, subsequently it is imperfect i n portraying Singapores history. All in all, (1) best portrays Singapore history as it suits the period when Singapore might have been (3), when exchange was dynamic however declining, the period when it was viewed as vital and its waters challenged by the Dutch and Portuguese, up to the period when British established Singapore as a lethargic fi

Whats in an App Personal Statement COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Whats in an App Personal Statement COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Your SIPA personal statement may initially get only minutes of an admissions officers attention. In those few minutes, you will want to show that you are a great pick. Writing an amazing SIPA Personal Statement  is probably far more straightforward than you might think. SIPA admissions officers arent looking for gimmicks. Theyre looking for passionate, motivated, and prepared applicants who are ready to hit the ground running in their chosen program. Read on for more details in creating your best personal essay. Personal, personal, personal Did we mention personal? Your personal statement should be about your interests as an individual. Write about issues only if they relate specifically to your personal experiences. For example, In Africa, a child dies every minute. This stark statistic prompted me to join an NGO aimed at providing nutrition and healthcare for children in Namibia. Be yourself! It can be tempting to want to embellish your essays with language or quotes that show off your knowledge, don’t overthink it! The admissions committee wants to know about you and how SIPA can get you where you want to go. You chose SIPA for a reason, so just elaborate on that reason in your essay. Know your program and make connections Securing acceptance is more about being the best match than about being the most highly qualified. Among applicants who meet the programs minimum requirements, theyll choose an enthusiastic and informed applicant over one with higher test scores and a better GPA who doesnt seem to know much about their program. Ask for help Most students at SIPA will tell you that they’ve had close friends or mentors offer a second set of eyes on their personal statement. While we are all independent adults forging our own paths, sometimes we need to reach out for some help or advice. Whether it is using friends and family as sounding boards to bounce ideas off of, or to proofread your essay after you write it, asking for help can take some of the stress out of writing an admissions essay. Having another set of eyes look at your essay can make sure mistakes are caught before you submit. They can also provide feedback about weak areas in your essay, or even point out something you didn’t know about yourself that would make you a strong candidate. Take a step back Sometimes just stepping away from your essay for a little while may help, if you have the time. Sitting down and focusing on it for hours may cause you to miss the goal altogether. So step away, reward yourself for your work thus far, and return to it at a better time. Now that you’re armed with these personal essay pointers, put them into practice and wow some admission officers. Happy writing!

Supreme Court Prediction Paper - Free Essay Example

Often times lawbreakers enjoy arguing to justify a crime they committed by saying that they do not remember such a thing happening. In some cases, their argument is valid, but in most cases it is a pitiful excuse to stall punishment. This legal issue was raised in the Supreme Court case, Vernon Madison v. State of Alabama, where a man sits on Alabamas death row after killing a police officer. The issue questions whether or not Vernon Madisons eighth amendment right is being violated. To consult this matter, both parties and Judges from the circuit and trial courts used the Ford and Panetti standard to analyze this case. The Ford and Panetti standard refers to two separate precedent cases that involved similar circumstances. To better understand the Ford and Panetti standard, it is important to understand the importance of the outcomes from both cases. In the Ford case decided in 1986, a Florida court sentenced Alvin Bernard Ford to death for first-degree murder. From the time of the murder, trial and sentencing phase, Ford was not suffering from any mental defects. After he was sentenced to death, his mental health deteriorated. After much litigation, in a 7-2 decision, the Supreme Court held that English common law found executing the insane savage and inhumane. In the Panetti case, Scott Louis Panetti was convicted of first-degree murder and was sentenced to death. In a psychiatric evaluation, it was found that Panetti was aware of his crime and because of that the district court found him sufficiently sane to be executed. The U.S. Court of Appeals affirmed this decision, but the U.S. Supreme Cour t disagreed. In a 5-4 decision, the Court held that the Fifth circuits analysis of Panettis mental condition was treated as irrelevant as long as he was somewhat aware of the states reasoning of putting him to death. The court also stated that the state unreasonably applied Ford by failing to give Panetti a fair chance to present his psychiatric evidence. With this, the court expressed that they hoped that future expert psychiatric evidence would magnify which delusions might distort an inmates sense of reality so much as to render him incompetent to be executed. Initially, the state of Alabama ruled against Madison stating that the defendant did not make a threshold showing insanity. Meaning Madison failed to show that he is delusional. The U.S. Court of Appeals reversed holding that when dementia is accepted as a relevant basis for incompetency, hes clearly incompetent. In oral argument, the petitioner argues before the Supreme Court that someone who has a disability that renders them inept to the time, place, or rationally understanding the circumstances of their offense, then they are incompetent; backed by proven medical records and accounts of past situations. They present to the court that the state was unwilling to consider any evidence about mental state that was outside of the scope of insanity, delusion, or psychosis. The petitioner wants the Supreme Court to affirm the U.S. Court of Appeal, while the respondent wants to carry out their death sentence arguing that Madison is aware and competent enough to be put to death. The three Justices behavior that will be examined in order to predict if they will vote to affirm or reverse are Chief Justice John Roberts, Justice Samuel Alito, and Justice Stephen Breyer. With all the given information, Chief Justice Roberts will likely vote to affirm the U.S. Court of Appeals decision to reverse Madisons death penalty based on a few reasons. It was interesting to observe Chief Justice Roberts behavior during oral arguments as he immediately disrupted the petitioner to try and grasp a firm understanding of what was being argued. In the very beginning of oral arguments, he had no problem admitting that he was having a tough time understanding what the issue was. This led him to constantly interrupting and questioning to clarify what the petitioner was trying say. Concurrently, other associate justices grilled the petitioner and eventually Chief Justice Roberts fell back and did not say anything else until it was time to hear the respondents argument. It is commonly understood by researchers that when a justice continues to interrupt someone that they are likely to vote against that side, and this was not the case in this occasion. Chief Justice Roberts showed less interest while Thomas R. Govan, on behalf of the respondent, argued the states side of the case. There was a point when the Chief Justice implied that he understood what the respondent was saying when Govan explained how an MRI can show mental illness, but not rational understanding. This implied that Roberts, for the most part, comprehended at least partially of the states argument. Towards the end Roberts seemed to agree with some of his fellow justices when they were questioning Govan. Since Justice Anthony Kennedy, who was considered at the courts swing voter is gone, there has not been anyone to replace and acquire this title, but it looks like Roberts will vote liberal on this issue, because if not, the court may dead lock 4-4 resulting in Madisons death. The matter does not involve the executive or congress, and for that matter, Roberts would deliberately make sure of it because according to an interview Roberts did a while back he said, The justices speak for th e constitution.while elected officials work for the people. This comment implies that Roberts top priority is to serve justice according to the constitution. It also proves that he is deferential to precedent. He asked Govan, So are all we arguing about whether Mr. Madison himself meets the Ford and Panetti standard? He proved this when he effectively shortened Madison down to a simple application of precedent. The Ford and Panetti standard says that incompetent people cannot be executed. According to his behavior, it appears that his behavior is predominately motivated by legal principles much like legal model, because in this case, if he were motivated by anything else his vote would likely be conservative. On the other hand, Justice Samuel Alito made it very clear that he will vote to reverse the U.S. Court of Appeals, allowing Madison to be put to death. While other liberal justices focused on the issue of Madisons general state of competency, Justice Alito focused on one aspect that was irrelevant to most justices which was the amnesia issue mentioned during oral arguments. His questioning focused on a very narrow topic and seemed as if he was misunderstanding Stephensons argument on behalf of the petitioner throughout his entire open arguments. Justice Alito said, I dont understand youre answer. I cant think of a situation in which a person would lack memory of the commission of the offense without that being based on a mental condition. This comment very well represents Justice Alitos misunderstanding of the petitioners point. It was evident that Justice Alitos focus was off when other liberals would interrupt by stringing the focus back to what was actually being argued; Since med ical records prove that Madison is not able to understand the things around him due to dementia, he is incompetent to be executed. They would not allow Alito to relabel the case as one about amnesia rather than insanity. Justice Alitos support to execute Madison comes by no surprise considering his notorious history of urging such behavior. In Glossip v. Gross, an earlier case involving the issue of whether a particular drug that Oklahoma wants to use in executions adequately reduces inmates pain that the intense suffering caused does not amount to cruel and unusual punishment, Justice Alito delivered the opinion of the court and had an unsympathetic choice of words when doing so. He included, .because it is settled that capital punishment is constitutional, it necessarily follows that there must be a constitutional means of carrying it out.we have held that the constitution does not require the avoidance of all risk of pain. This shows that Justice Alito has been in favor of capital punishment before and based on these comments, there would have to be convincingly enough evidence to sway him the other way. Going into Madisons case, Justice Alito appears to have had a preconception based on precedent cases before this one. With this, it would be extremely hard to convince him that Madison ought to not be put to death regardless of his vascular dementia that is deteriorating his memory. This elutes to the belief that his voting behavior is motivated solely by his partisanship under the attitudinal model that posits a justice will pursue their sincere preferences. Justice Stephen Breyer will vote to affirm the U.S. Court of Appeals, which will save Madisons life. Justice Breyer has a history in dissenting in conservative ruled cases involving the 8th amendment and death penalty cases. Just like Justice Alito, Breyer voted in the Glossip v. Gross cases, but instead, he was one of which who voted against and dissented. This prior voting history gave insight as to how Breyer would look at Madisons case. Breyer interrupted Govan many times which indicated that he was not agreeing with much of Govans argument. He especially did not agree with the Govans point that he believed Madisons real claim was that dementia should exempt him from execution. He cut Govan off at one point and said, He does not recall his crime.and he has a severe inability to orient himself to time and place. He was insinuating that Madison would of course not be able to be saved under just the claim of amnesia, but under Ford and Panetti, he should be let off the hook since th is standard says that incompetent people can not be executed. Although it is hard to say, Justice Breyer will most likely vote based on the attitudinal model, because in oral arguments he was more concerned with Madisons condition rather than precedent. Out of these 3 justices, Roberts seems to be the essential vote that may swing the outcome either way. If he decides to vote liberal to save Madisons life, the decision will likely be 5-3 with of course conservatives dissenting including Justice Alito.

Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka Essay - 1033 Words

Franz Kafka’s, The Metamorphosis, is a novella about Gregor Samsa, a man who devotes everything to fulfilling the needs of his family. Kafka’s existentialist perspective on the meaning of life is illustrated through the use of the protagonist of Gregor Samsa. Existentialism is a philosophy concerned with finding self and the meaning of life through free will, choice, and personal responsibility (Existentialism). Gregor is unable to fulfill the existentialist view of finding meaning in one’s life; he acted according to what his family wanted. Kafka’s belief that there is no meaning to life and that the individual has to create his own meaning in life is entirely missed by Gregor. Kafka uses the juxtaposing mindsets of Gregor and his family†¦show more content†¦Through Gregor, Kafka demonstrates the dehumanization of individuals, Gregor works at a job that consumes his thoughts and passions. He illustrates how humans toil ceaselessly and give thems elves up to boring routines that don’t bring any meaning to the individual’s life. Gregor flashback’s to a time before his metamorphosis, when he worked with a â€Å"special intensity† (Kafka 43) in order to provide for the family, all the while ignoring his own needs. Kafka knows the affect that doing something that one does not enjoy can have on every aspect of that person’s life. He was forced to work at jobs that he did not want to, his dissatisfaction with the direction his life was headed caused him to have suicidal thoughts (Franz Kafka-Biography). Kafka knows the dangers of not living to bring meaning into one’s life and uses Gregor to illustrate this to the audience. Without meaning in life there is no reason to live because life alone is meaningless. A picture on Gregor’s wall causes him to remember the days before he had to drop everything he enjoyed in order to take care of his family. The picture is a picture of him as a â€Å"lieutenant †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦smiling and worry free†¦.demand[ing] respect for his bearing and uniform† (Kafka 24). Through the use of imagery Franz Kafka illustrates a time where Gregor had a job that he actually enjoyed. Gregor was able to find happiness in the days where he was living for his own individual needs and not for the needs of his family.Show MoreRelatedThe Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka1052 Words   |  4 PagesFranz Kafka wrote one of his most popular books, The Metamorphosis, during the literary period and movement of existentialism. His novella stresses many existential ideals. The most predominant ideal that is seen through Gregor Samsa and his father in The Metamorphosis is that choice is the opportune of the individual. One’s ultimate goal in life is to successful ly find a balance between work and leisure. It is through the juxtaposition of Gregor Samsa and his father, the conceding tone of the authorRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka867 Words   |  4 Pagesincluding rapid growth spurts. Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develop after birth or hatching. Involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt changes in the animal’s body structure through cell growth and differentiation. The author Franz Kafka, who relatively wrote little in his short life and who published less has been enormously influential on later writers. He is considered an export of German expressionism. The metamorphosis is Kafka’s longest story and oneRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay1496 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The metamorphosis,† is a story by Franz Kafka, published in 1915 is a story divided in three chapters: transformation, acceptance, and the death of the protagonist. There are many inter pretations that can form this tale as the indifference by the society that is concerned with different individuals, and isolation pushing some cases to the solitude. Some consider The Metamorphosis as an autobiography of the author, which tries to capture the loneliness and isolation that he felt at some pointRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka1246 Words   |  5 PagesIt can be hard to understand the meaning of the novella â€Å"The Metamorphosis,† written by Franz Kafka, without thinking of the background. Due to the fact that, â€Å"using† and knowing â€Å"[the] background knowledge† of a story is important to read a â€Å"text† (Freebody and Luke). In the novella â€Å"The metamorphosis†, â€Å"Kafka’s personal history† has been â€Å"artfully [expressed]† (Classon 82). The novella was written in 1916, before the World War 1 in German {Research}. When the novella was written, in the EuropeRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka1380 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"I cannot make anyone understand what is happening inside me. I cannot even explain it to myself†: A Psychoanalysis reading of â€Å"The Metamorphosis† by Kafka The Metamorphosis is known to be one of Franz Kafka’s best works of literature. It demonstrates the interconnection between his personal life and the protagonist, Gregor Samsa, of â€Å"The Metamorphosis.† Franz Kafka was born in 1883 and grew up in a financially stable Jewish family in Prague. He was the only son left after the death of his youngerRead MoreThe Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka656 Words   |  3 PagesMuch of Franz Kafkas story â€Å"The Metamorphosis† spends its time talking about Gregor as he struggles to live his new life as a bug. Gregor tries to find a analytical reason as to why he has taken upon this form but later on finds on that he has to accept the truth. From being an ordinary travel salesman and provider for his family to a abomination, Gregor becomes hopeless as he cant work or provide for his family. His new life as an insect causes a hardship as he is faced with isolation from hisRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka783 Words    |  4 Pages In the story â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, written by Franz Kafka, Gregor’s family represents the causing factor that prompts Gregor to become a cockroach. Gregor’s family is a symbol of a repressive structure that inhibits Gregor’s every thought and action. When Gregor gets up in the morning to get ready for work and finds that he has been transformed into a cockroach, he ponders about how maybe he should just go in to work late and get fired, but then realizes that he cannot because â€Å"if [he] were not holdingRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka947 Words   |  4 PagesThe Metamorphosis is a novella written by German author Franz Kafka which was first published in 1915. The novella tells the story of Gregor Samsa, a traveling salesman who one day awoke to discover he had transformed into an insect like monstrosity. Throughout the story, Gregor struggles with the horrible prospect of coming to terms with his situation, as well as copin g with the effects of his transformation, such as the fact that his family is repelled by his new form, and that he is no longerRead MoreThe Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka1021 Words   |  4 PagesFranz Kafka’s, The Metamorphosis, is a novella about Gregor Samsa, a man who devotes everything to fulfilling the needs of his family. Kafka’s existentialist perspective on the meaning of life is illustrated through the use of the protagonist of Gregor Samsa. Existentialism is a philosophy â€Å"concerned with finding self and the meaning of life through free will, choice, and personal responsibility† (Existentialism). Gregor is unable to fulfill the existentialist view of finding meaning in one’s life;Read MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka1050 Words   |  5 PagesOn the surface, â€Å"The Metamorphosis† by Franz Kafka is an evocative story of a man transformed into a â€Å"monstrous vermin†. It seems to focus on the dark transformation of the story’s protagonist, Gregor, but there is an equal and opposing transformation that happens within Gregor’s family. Although Gregor has physically changed at the beginning of the story, he remains relatively unchanged as the novella progresses. The family, on the other hand, is forced to drastically change how they support themselves

Suicide What Drives A Person - 1049 Words

The topic that I decided to discuss for my final paper is suicide. I feel like suicide relates to my academic and professional pursuits because there is always facts to learn in regards to as far as what drives a person to commit suicide, how to prevent it, and how provide treatment when someone fails such an attempt. I am trying to be an advocate for trouble youth so such information is pertinent to what I am trying to accomplish. It takes a patient and non-bias person to understand that everyone has inner demons that they can’t deal with on their own. Thesis: Suicide is usually a permanent solution to problems that are normally temporary. Most people may deem suicide as a cowardly act as the person committing it is trying to hide from the truth or avoiding some particular consequences that may be waiting for them if they stay alive. While this is to be true one must also understand that there are deeper issues and instead of passing judgement on a person one should offer guidance to help the individual prevent this from happening. In my opinion I feel that people who attempt suicide are alone, no one to confine in and afraid to ask for help without being looked down upon. Marquis, C. Battilana, J. (2007). Acting globally but thinking locally? The influence of local communities, pg. 5. Communities influencing organizations will always focus on how the tools and mechanisms of institutional theorizing as a way to enhance our understanding of the influence of localShow MoreRelatedEssay on Mans Search For Meaning1241 Words   |  5 Pagesword logos, which denotes meaning. This derivation is chosen because logotherapy is centered on a humans primary motivation to search for the means in which he exists. To Frankl, finding meaning in life is a stronger force than any subconscious drive. He draws from his own, personal experiences in a Nazi concentration camp to create and support the definition of mans existence. Frankl endured an unimaginable amount of pain and suffering throughout his experiences in the concentration camp.Read MoreEarly Adulthood And Developing A Sense Of Self Identification970 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent methods a person going through early adulthood with negative self-concept endure in order to deal with the feelings of negativity. Instead of committing suicide they may perform socially accepted constructs with the intent of harming themselves. For example, getting a tattoo or piercing, for the pain and not so much the actual thing. (Breen 1) This idea could become a big issue in society, it makes it less noticeable for others to know if something is going on with a person or if they are dealingRead MoreSuicide, The Silent Killer1343 Words   |  6 Pagessuicide, The Silent Killer Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death across all ages in the United States. It is also the second leading cause of death for 15 - 35 year olds nationwide. The World Health Organization (or WHO) estimates that approximately 1 million people die every year from suicide. However, almost twice that number that attempt it and survived. In Georgia suicide is the third leading cause of death with roughly 1,000 death per year. Suicide has lasting effects on families and communities;Read MoreSome Of The Effects That Peer-Pressure Have On Teens1176 Words   |  5 Pagesteens in different ways. Teen are often being pressured into using drugs, having sex, drinking and bullying, the list goes on. When the peer pressure becomes overwhelming teens suffer great effects such social anxiety, depression some even result to suicide. Peer pressure is probably one of the biggest issuses in high school, as a teen its likely you’ve experienced the effect of peer influence in a number of different areas sometimes teens may have to dress a certain way and act a certain way or theyRead MoreThe Sorrows Of Young Werther Essay1178 Words   |  5 PagesIn fact, he committed suicide at the end of the novel. Before he actually took his own life he was involved in a love triangle. So does loving someone bring you to the point of wanting to kill yourself? Many have their own answers to that question. My historical question is how does a love triangle affect the mind and feelings of the individuals involved? The main definition of a love triangle is when third parties are in a romantic relationship. It could be that one person loves both people in theRead MoreThe Impact Of Budget Cuts On Educational Institutions And Its Economic Effects1669 Words   |  7 PagesA society’s culture is built through time and consists of many variables that can depend on many different factors. For a person to understand the relativism of other cultures they must open their mind and try to see from another perspective. Through this assignment I will put my shift my mind to an outsider’s etic view to enable me to examine my own culture. Furthermore, I will jump on the side of an insider to gain the emic perspective of a culture as if I have lived in it. In this paper IRead MorePositive Illusions And Negative Illusions1462 Words   |  6 PagesPositive illusions are unrealistic, biased attitudes that individuals have about themselves and towards other individuals, normally close friends or family members. Positive illusions is â€Å"a perception that represents what is perceived in a way different from the way it is in reality. An illusion is a false mental image or conception which may be a misinterpretation of a real appearance or may be something imagined. It may be pleasing, harmless or even useful (Stein, 1982, p 662). The more positiveRead MoreSuicide Is A Serious Issue1679 Words   |  7 PagesSuicide is one of the largest social problems today affecting many lives in one way or another. It is a serious issue with multiple contributors that have been elusive in many cases as we try to understand why many younger people are choosing to end their lives instead of receive the help they need. Suicide is a serious issue that can have lasting results on individuals, families and communities. Although suicide rates decreased from 1990-2000, suicide is on the rise again and now the â€Å"10th leadingRead MoreThe Tale of a Controlled Society767 Words   |  3 Page sblue-steel shaved but unshaved look? Theses men were mirror images of himself† ( Bradbury 33). No one is free to make their own career choice. It should not matter who you are or what you look like if you have a desire to become a fireman you should be free to do as you please. When a government takes away the civil rights of a person, unknowingly a sense of numbness is developed that deletes emotional connections. The public has no ties with important events in society they are very temperamental withRead MoreWhy Suicide Is Responsible For Keeping Track And Providing Facts And Figures For Suicide974 Words   |  4 Pagespursue. Suicide is seen as a selfish act that leaves family and friends in shock, grief, guilt and sometimes anger. Granting individuals the legal right to commit suicide in a safe, humane and supportive manor would not only alleviate the unbearable burdens of those who no longer wish to live, but also give their loved ones the opportunity to understand, accept and cope with their choice. The Center for Disease Control is responsible for keeping track and providing facts and figures for suicide. They

Improving Sports At School Time - 1566 Words

Many parents put special emphasis on learning math and natural science for their children than paying attention to the importance of physical education. Even public schools do not allocate enough time for kids to practice sports as much as they do for class-based education. In fact, physical activity for children is not only about pleasure time. Rather, it helps grown-up children to extend their capacity to grasp concepts explained in their classes. Children who are active while doing physical activity are expected to be active at class time. Thus, encouraging sports at school time is essential for child development not only for educational success but also for physical, social, mental, and moral development(Griffin , 1998). Physical education helps kids to develop in many areas. Sports that require collaboration between players can help them to grasp the importance of being a part of group and how it is important to unify their effort with others to achieve certain goals. When it c omes to moral development, children will learn to accept that there are always winners and losers and it’s not wrong to be a loser. Moreover, since all kind of sports include competition, kids will have the chance to be physically developed in an exciting atmosphere. All these benefits will positively affect students’ outcome when they return to class. Therefore, public schools should consider physical activity as a crucial component of their educational objectives(.Janssen andShow MoreRelatedRole Of Sports In Society1130 Words   |  5 PagesRole of Sport in Society For many years, sports have played a huge role in many of our lives. They have been used for entertainment and many others would love to argue that fact and say that is their only use and have no other valuable lessons. Sports provide many things to us like Competition that sports like football, baseball, basketball, etc. require. They also teach many life lessons and values to younger generations who play sports. Participating in sports can teach kids Leadership, GoalRead MoreSports participation is perhaps seen as a determinant in the high academic achievement of students.1400 Words   |  6 Pages Sports participation is perhaps seen as a determinant in the high academic achievement of students. It can sometimes be through participation in sports that high school students are able to develop the cerebellar and cerebral part of their brains which determines the level of brain function and learning. (1) Sports are one example of activities which involves team work and specific rules to be met by each participant. It is more than just a physical activity. It can be argued that toRead Morebenefits of youth sports1111 Words   |  5 Pagespositive effects of youth sports Athletics can have a very major impact on a child’s life. Students who participate in youth athletics learn many life skills that can positively affect their lives. Athletics benefit children in physical, psychological, and social development. Studies show that youth who participate in organized sports during middle and high school do better academically and are offered greater job prospects than children who do not partake in sports activities (Marilyn Price-MitchellRead MoreWhy Basketball Helps You : Basketball852 Words   |  4 PagesWhy basketball helps you Basketball is a well-known sport that is played almost everywhere: at school, home, parks, and other places. Basketball is the easiest sport to play, and enjoy with friends. Basketball can help you reach your goals mentally by making you more aware of your surroundings and helping you be more alert of school assignment, other work outside of school, and physically by staying in shape by going to the gym and working out or by just running. Some explanations of how basketballRead MoreAssignment 2 PST312M1626 Words   |  7 Pages4565-391-7 Subject: PST312M – Physical education and sports coaching Semester 1: Assignment 2 Unique number: 527854 Questions 1. Briefly explain the relationship between physical education and sport. (5) 2. Which test is used to evaluate a child’s posture? Explain. (5) 3. Why is knowledge regarding the structure and functioning of the body so important to the physical education teacher and coach? (5) 4. What is integration as it relates to sport? Explain. (5) 5. Describe the teaching progressionRead MoreJob Description Memo1316 Words   |  6 Pagesjob description. I intend to develop a plan for improving my marketability in the sports management job market. To achieve this goal, I will compare my resume with the selected job description, discussing and identifying the gaps between my resume and job description, and discussing detailed strategies to close these gaps. 1. Comparison of Resume to Selected Job/Internship Description While searching for available job opportunities in the sports management field, I located a job offer in theRead MoreEffects Of Sports Essay1577 Words   |  7 Pages If you chose to play sports, is it really worth it? Playing sports, in my opinion, is worth it. A teenager plays to have fun, even try to get a scholarship to go to college for the sport they love, also playing teaches qualities you’ll need for the rest of your life, playing sports can improve your way of life by making a positive impact on your health such as weight, cardiorespiratory health, muscle and bones, and reduced risk of cancer. If you’re involved in a sport, does it have a positive orRead MoreExtra Curricular Activities Affect Students Learning And Academic Performance1335 Words   |  6 Pagesacademic performance because of time management skills. Students who engage in extra-curricular activities have difficulty managing their time. For instance, activities such as basketball and volleyball requires a lot of energy and dedication. Don’t you think these students are going to adhere to the principles every activity demands of them? Especially thos e students that enjoy the sport? Activities may take more than several hours which leaves students with insufficient time to complete their homeworkRead MoreSports Development Essay509 Words   |  3 PagesSports Development Task 1 Scenario: You are on a work placement at the local Sports Development Unit, which is currently reviewing its methods of sports development. You are part of a team responsible for helping it to investigate this, and the hope is that it will further improve its work in the local community at all levels and the areas of sports provision. Part a Identify and describe the key concepts used to promote sporting opportunities and provisionsRead MoreEssay on Drug, Alcohol, and Tobacco Testing in Schools740 Words   |  3 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The procedure of testing student for drugs, alcohol and tobacco before every school day should be allowed. The fact that the subject of drug testing has even been brought up is a sign that illegal substances have become troublesome in high school environments. Therefore, school officials should be allowed to use any means necessary to discourage the use of these illegal substances, even if it means that the school officials could become dangerously close to violating the students’ constitutional

Sinner vs. the Sin in Dantes Divine Comedy Essay

Sinner vs. the Sin in the Divine Comedy Often when we set out to journey in ourselves, we come to places that surprise us with their strangeness. Expecting to see what is straightforward and acceptable, we suddenly run across the exceptions. Just as we as self†¹examiners might encounter our inner demons, so does Dante the writer as he sets out to walk through his Inferno. Dante explains his universe - in terms physical, political, and spiritual - in the Divine Comedy. He also gives his readers a glimpse into his own perception of what constitutes sin. By portraying characters in specific ways, Dante the writer can shape what Dante the pilgrim feels about each sinner. Also, the reader can look deeper in the text and examine the†¦show more content†¦By his noble speech the reader learns that political corruption can damn a mans soul. The punished sinners who suffered death for political reasons are of paramount importance to Dante. Accordingly, he shows in the suicides circle of hell the extreme con sequences of failure in political life. Pier committed suicide for the shame of losing his favored position as Fredericks counselor. This illustrates the ancient Roman concept of honorable suicide, which protests any unjust action that robs one of reputation. Lines 58†¹61 establish delle Vignes high ranking position as faithful advisor to Frederick: I am he who held both keys to Fredericks heart, locking, unlocking with so deft a touch that scarce another soul had any part in his most secret thoughts... Dante shows delle Vigne to be a faithful man, that gave up both sleep and life to prove his dedication (l. 63). The force that ousted him was Envy, embodied in the men who were anxious to have his place. When Dante writes of envy, who on Caesars face/ keeps fixed forever her adulterous stare he is using the concept of Caesar to show the political manifestation of the vice. The noble speech given by Pier delle Vigne begins strained, as he speaks of his fall from grace in life. By line 72, the courtly style is finished and he can speak from the heart. He swears by the new roots of this tree that never was he once unfaithful to his lord and emperorShow MoreRelatedDantes Inferno vs. Miltons Paradise Lost901 Words   |  4 PagesDante s Inferno Vs. Milton s Paradise Lost The two stories, Inferno by Dante and Paradise Lost by Milton, were written about the biblical hell and its keeper: Satan. Both of these authors had different views about the hell and Satan. In Paradis Lost, Milton wrote that Satan used to be an angel of God. The devil believed that he was equal to the Lord and he wanted to be greater than him. For this, God banished him to hell. Milton s physical description of Satan is interesting. Since he

Imperial Rome and han China Free Essays

During the classical period, many civilizations and large land bases were formed. Of these many civilizations, two main ones were Han China and Imperial Rome. We will write a custom essay sample on Imperial Rome and han China or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although Han China and Imperial Rome both had similar government structures and trading systems, they both had two very different militaries. Han and Imperial Rome both exercised political control through similar government structures and social hierarchies. There were many elites who supported Han China’s emperor, Wu di and the â€Å"mandate of Heaven. † In Han, their government hierarchies were based on confusium. The followers of this included many bureaucrats, common people, and peasants. Imperial rome had a had a very similar way of ranking these people. Rome had a main leader. Emperor Augustus Ceasar. The top class in Rome was then bureaucrats and politicians, much like Han China. Below them came merchants, common people, and peasants. Then even below them came Slaves used for labor, but this was only used in Imperial Rome. This ranking system was a major similarity between these two civilizations political structure, and structure both civilizations greatly. Even though Imperial Rome and Han had very similar political structures their militaries were very different. Rome’s military was used to reinforce laws, and was very strong and powerful, unlike Han china. In Han China, their military is mainly used for less important issues. The emperor in Imperial Rome headed the military, and in Han China, the emperor was not the only one heading the military. Rome and Han China’s trading system was very similar. These two civilizations both traded on the silk road. The silk road was a group of trading routes that spread between Asian, European, and African civilizations. Many things would be traded on these systems including fabrics like silk, produce, and many more. Because Han China and Imperial rome both used this, there trading system became very alike. Because of the trade between many different civilizations, and generic weights and measurement system had to be made so everyone could understand. This trading system was just one of the many similarities between Han China and imperial Rome. Over all, Han China and Imperial Rome had many similarities and differences and were two very well known civilizations. Although Han and Rome both had similar political structures and trade systems, their militaries were very different. These were both well runned civilizations but both had their flaws. How to cite Imperial Rome and han China, Papers

The Science of History (Or Vice Versa) free essay sample

Education is a journey. It involves various interconnecting paths, where each must be traveled to unblock obstacles or setbacks on others. Being subjects of study, these paths range from common sense to collegiate calculus. True education encompasses evaluation of viewpoints and material from every area. Because all disciplines hold tremendous value in both a rounded education and life, the study of history is as important to a scientist as the study of science is to a historian to allow for richer experiences. History is the study of all recorded events. Each happening, whether ubiquitously known or heard of by few, contributes to who we are as a human race today. Likewise, science is the study of how everything works, including life itself. As Mae Jemison stated, arts and science â€Å"are manifestations of the same thing,† rather than separate practices. Without its complement, both history and science would hold less value; according to Aristotle, â€Å"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts,† which absolutely applies to history and science. We will write a custom essay sample on The Science of History (Or Vice Versa) or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page History is metaphorically scientific in that it is said to repeat itself, just as any knowledgeable scientist would repeat an experiment to check for consistency (and hopefully improved results!). One event leads to another, which leads to another, then back to the first. It’s formulaic. For example, in chemistry, sodium and water react, creating sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas, which explodes. Similarly, â€Å"reactants† of actions, laws, feelings, and decisions often combine, leading to war. The science of history is traceable, predictable, and is ultimately one big experiment, better known as life. On the other hand, science is as much a history as history is a science. In order to fully grasp any piece of science, one must also understand the implications of that theory or experiment, such as its discovery or past uses. The most common image of science is a chemist mixing a solution. Essentially, this consists of a series of smaller measures that lead up to a larger, more noticeable event. By definition, science explains how things work. We may look to history to predict the future, but more fittingly, we study it to understand why our cultures are the way they are. Physics delves into matter and energy—what everything is made up of and how it functions. Well, history is made up of the tiniest particles, and it functions sometimes according to plan, sometimes in an unexpected way, like many an experiment does. Though their approaches are different, science and history both explain how we, a global community, ended up where we are today. In the worlds of history and science, one simply cannot exist without the other, allowing for deeper experiences as a whole. In fact, they are essentially the same discipline in different contexts. Both could easily be considered the study of life—history is centered on how life obtained its current image while science focuses on how life functions. Historians and scientists are coworkers; they must work together to fully complete their jobs.

Management Assignment Human Intelligence free essay sample

Traditionally organisations have concentrated upon the intelligence of individuals and held the point of view that intelligent people in terms of IQ succeeded more. However, these ideas are continually challenged by the idea of emotional intelligence being key indicators of management performance (cited in Khosravi, Manafi, Hojabri, Aghapour and Gheshmi, 2011, pg 3). Emotional intelligence is ones ability to perceive and regulate other people’s emotions (cited in Sadri, 2012, pg 536). In present society, emotional intelligence of management is essential to positive communications in projecting ideas, increasing value of teams through creating common team values and hence increasing the job satisfactions of individuals in workplaces from corporations to sales. Emotional intelligence is consequently directly related to the overall performance of a company and also the efficiency of individual employees. It can also be said that emotional intelligence is much more important then pure intelligence in shaping leadership success (cited in Sadri, 2012, pg 537). Managers use communication as a method to transfer meaning to others for the ultimate purpose of achieving their goals and objectives. The ability to communicate efficiently depends upon the manager’s capability to empathise with his or her peers, that is, the manager’s level of emotional intelligence. Goleman’s study asserts the notions of emotionally intelligent individuals are more successful at communicating their ‘ideas, goals and intentions’ (cited in Zeidner, Matthews, Roberts, 2004, pg 386). Similarly, Wasielewski’ studies suggests emotionally intelligent individuals are able to ‘excite and enthuse’ or make others ‘feel cautious and wary’ (cited in George, 2000, pg 7). This sort of behavior will consequently motivate or demotivate individuals in the workplace. Thus emotional intelligence is crucial as it allows managers to communicate effectively and therefore achieve his or her goals by influencing the mood and emotion of his or her team. Bar On further asserts that managers are also able to use communication to ensure a positive result in environmentally demanding work situations (cited in Zeidner, Matthews, Roberts, 2004, pg 374). Managers will only be able to do this if they understand their employees’ personal feelings, hence emotional intelligence is the tool that lets managers communicate effectively in any sort of situation. Regardless of whether the situation is difficult or not, emotional intelligence will always be significant because it allows the manager to communicate effectively with his or her employees (cited in George, 2000, pg 8). A consequence of managers who communicate with high emotional intelligence creates value adding member interaction, which in turn increases team productivity. Positive emotions of certain individuals such as managers can influence team member mentality and is high likely to increase group cohesion through relationship building, this is also known as positive ‘emotional contagion’ (cited in Ashanasy and Daus, 2002, pg 79). However oppositely, negative emotions of an individual can decrease the efficiency of other team members since negative attitudes can ‘infect’ co-workers and is hard to reverse (cited in Ashanasy and Daus, 2002, pg 79). Consequently due to these polar outcomes the need for emotionally intelligent managers is crucial to the operation of a team to complete tasks efficiently. More importantly, high emotional intelligence can impact a leaders and teams ability to construct team goals and objectives (cited in Ashanasy and Daus, 2002 pg 81). This is asserted by Rosete and Ciarrochi study in which concluded that high emotional intelligent leaders performed more efficiently and was not affected by cognitive ability (cited in Sadri, 2012, pg 538). Apart from leadership highly emotional intelligent team members also increased team efficiency. A Study by Jordan and Troths concluded this through their experiment where they concluded high emotional intelligent team members performed more exceptional then low emotional intelligent teams (cited in Sadri, 2012, pg 538). Thus leadership through high emotional intelligent individuals increases the value of a team, however high emotional intelligent team members also contribute to positive team interaction. Another aspect of high emotional intelligent leaders is improved job satisfaction and hence increased performance. Emotionally intelligent leaders are able to influence ‘shared beliefs’ of groups, allowing them to shape ones abilities and skills to communicate and co-ordinate with each other (cited in Zampetakis and Moustakis, 2011, pg 84 ). These ‘shared beliefs’ allow groups to have high job satisfactions due to improved performance due to positive emotional norms created by the manager (cited in Zampetakis and Moustakis, 2011, pg 84). Henceforth, an increase in group job satisfaction will allow individual satisfaction growth, this will in turn increase overall efficiency. In the studies of Ashkanasy and Daus, we can also view the importance of emotionally related job satisfaction. The study contains scenarios, which stress how negative satisfaction partly due to leadership problems can have adverse affects upon other team members. Research has also exemplified the need for emotionally intelligent managers to heighten positive emotions with employees particularly in the sales industry to increase customer rentention (cited in Ashkanasy and Daus, 2002, pg 77). Hence, job satisfaction is highly correlated with the emotional intelligence of managers. Job satisfaction is clearly an important factor in the workplace as it is able to increase efficiency. As organisations and businesses seek to increase efficiency, the use of emotionally intelligent individuals will be employed to redefine groups and individuals in the workplace. Over time as stronger evidence builds upon that high emotional intelligent individuals make better leaders, companies will undergo a transition to recruit or train emotionally intelligent individuals. As companies continually gain knowledge in this field, competitive strategies will be formed to better firm performance. As they embrace these types of changes, competitive advantages particularly in the sales industry will experience large competitive advantages. Communication from highly emotionally intelligent allows more positively regulated team ambitions and hence allow greater team collaboration, which increases inter-personal relationships. Team collaboration is highly effective in producing superior job satisfactions and consequently job efficiency. Hence, emotional intelligence is essential for leaders to manage successfully in workplaces. References: Sadri, G. , (2012). Emotional intelligence and leadership development, Public Personnel Management, Vol. 41 No. 3, pp. 535-548 Date Viewed – 10 April 2013 lt;http://web. ebscohost. com. wwwproxy0. library. unsw. edu. au/ehost/detail? vi d=3amp;sid=7e41ae83-e0b2-455b-ac25-1568e4f33f6f%40sessionmgr110amp;hid=112amp;bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=buhamp;AN=79656429gt; Khosravi, R. D. , Manafi, M. , Hojabri, R. , Aghapour, A. H. , Gheshmi. R. , (2011). The relationship between emotional intelligence and effective delegation. International Journal of Business and Social Science, Vol. 2 No. 19, pp. 223-235 Date Viewed – 10 April 2013 lt;http://search. proquest. com. wwwproxy0. library. unsw. edu. au/abiglobal/docview/904526890/13D5FC8D9CD73AEC7F5/1? accountid=12763gt; Zeidner, M. , Matthews, G. amp; Roberts, R. D. , (2004). Emotional Intelligence in the Workplace: A Critical Review. Applied Psychology, 53(3), pp. 371–399. Dated Views – 10 April 2013 lt;http://onlinelibrary. wiley. com. wwwproxy0. library. unsw. edu. au/doi/10. 1111/j. 1464-0597. 2004. 00176. x/abstract;jsessionid=BC2DC14C7B9282FD9361B666E034A2C9. d02t02gt; George, J. M. , (2000). Emotions and Leadership: The Role of Emotional Intelligence. Human Relations, 53(8), pp. 1027–1055. Date viewed – 10 April 2013 lt;http://search. proquest. com. wwwproxy0. library. unsw. edu. au/docview/231437575/fulltextPDF? accountid=12763gt; Ashkanasy, N. M. amp; Daus, C. S. , (2002). Emotion in the workplace: The new challenge for managers. The Academy of Management Executive, 16(1), pp. 76–86. Date viewed – 10 April 2013 lt;http://www. jstor. org. wwwproxy0. library. unsw. edu. au/stable/4165815gt; Zampetakis, L. A. amp; Moustakis, V. , (2011). Managers’ Trait Emotional Intelligence and Group Outcomes: The Case of Group Job Satisfaction. Small  Group  Research, Vol. 42 No. 1, pp. 77-102 Date Viewed – 10 April 2013

Presidential Powers Essays - Commanders In Chief,

Presidential Powers In every government there is a ceremonial head of the government who is the symbol of all the people in the nation. As Howard Taft put it, "The personal embodiment and representative of their dignity and majesty" (McClenaghan, pg. 316). That person is the Chief of State or more commonly known as the President. One of the main factors that cause the presidents to be viewed as a symbol of the American community is the president's ceremonial duties which are named in the Constitution. The Constitution states several ceremonial duties that the presidents are "obliged" to perform. They are required to take an oath of office, periodically inform Congress of the State of Union, negotiate with foreign powers, and receive "Ambassadors and other Public Ministers". "These Constitutional ceremonial duties supported the assumption of the Chief of State role by George Washington and his successors because they made the president appear as the leader of the entire nation"(The Presidents A-Z, Pg. 68). Castro 2 Both, the Oath of Office ceremony, the Inauguration, and the State of Union address physically place the President out in front of other government officials. Also, the President's duty to receive Ambassadors shows that foreign governments view and regard the president as the official representative of the United States, and since the rest of the world sees our president as being the Chief of State, then the "domestic responsibilities of the Chief of State could not be assumed more gracefully than anyone but the President" (The Presidents A-Z, pg. 69). In the 18th century, when the Framers designed the U.S. president's job, monarchy was the style of government throughout most of the world. But, since they wanted to avoid any suggestion of a monarchy, the Framers of the constitution made the Chief of State the Chief Executive as well. They called this person the President. But, like monarchs, the U.S. Presidents are the living symbol of the nation. They symbolize the country's history, liberty and strength. The President can appoint ceremonial representatives, but while they are still in office they cannot escape their role as Chief of State. At every moment they represent the United States at home and overseas. Castro 3 When the President, or shall I say "the Chief of state, is not occupied with functions that pertain to government he would attend and participate in such as lighting the national Christmas tree, deliver a patriotic address during the Fourth of July, lay a wreath on the graves of soldiers that died for their country (such as the Tomb of the Unknowns) on Memorial day, lead us special holidays (such as Thanksgiving, bless fund raising drives, and on numerous occasions in the past he would throw the first ball to open the baseball season in the Spring. Many of these functions mean something and are significant especially when the President is involved. "But consequently, the duties of the Chief of State are seldom described as a power and are sometimes denounced as a waste of the President's time." (The Presidency, Pg. 69) Although the President's right to dedicate a monument or congratulate an astronaut may mean little, The symbolism that the action portrays clearly "enhances presidential authority, legitimizes and maximizes other presidential powers, and secures his position as Chief of State." (The Presidency, Pg. 69) " "As political scientist Clinton Castro 4 Rossiter explained "No president can fail to realize that all his powers are invigorated, indeed are given a new dimension of authority, because he is the symbol of our sovereignty, continuity, and grandeur." The presidency is therefore elevated above other offices and institutions not just by its legal authority, but also by its symbolic and historic mystique." (The Presidency, Pg.69) The position of the President as the Chief of State is defined by the Constitutional provisions which are the source of some of the most important power the President can use. The parts covered by these provisions are classified as Military, Judicial, and Diplomatic. Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution, provides for the power as "Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States and of the Militia of the several states, when called into actual Service of the United States". (U.S. Constitution) The position of the Commander in Chief makes the President the highest Military officer in the United States, with control over the entire Military establishment. Although, that does not mean that he is always doing something involving Military or Naval actions every minute. He leaves the smaller jobs up to the generals Castro 5 of the Army

Make your job less annoying tips from Googles former head of HR

Make your job less annoying tips from Googles former head of HR Those of us who have been in the workforce for a while have all come to one inevitable, unavoidable conclusion- no job is perfect. No matter how much- or how little- we like our current positions and workplaces, there are undoubtedly a few things (or many things) that we simply wish were different, and somehow less aggravating and frustrating. And the more time we spend at a job, the more every little minor issue or hassle begins to feel like a monumentally annoying pain that we just can’t seem to avoid or escape. Does all of this mean that each of us is doomed to have to endure every single exasperating and irksome thing about our jobs and simply accept that fact that they suck? Not exactly. In fact, there are some real strategies that you can deploy to make your job more bearable. In fact, Google’s former SVP of People Operations, Laszlo Bock, recently acknowledged at an SHRM Conference that although work can sometimes be a drag no matter what job or industry you†™re employed in, there are ways to effect positive and lasting change.Consider using the following strategies in an effort to make your work life a little less lame.Try to ensure your job has meaning for you.Sure, your job already means a paycheck and a place to keep you busy and occupied during your work shifts, but if you want your job not to suck (and better still, if you want to actually look forward to the idea of working) you should try to find new and improved meaning in your work. Step back and think about your job from a fresh perspective.Ask yourself the following questions: Are there elements of your job that you’re particularly proud of, no matter how small? Do you do anything that helps others? Do you contribute to your greater community? Try to find new meaning and purpose in your work, and it’ll help refresh and renew your attitude and enthusiasm for your job.Seek out fulfilling work relationships.For most of us, we interact with the people we work wit h, as much as- or even more than- our friends and family, so it’s hard to ignore the fact that these folks are a significant part of our lives. Therefore, your attitude toward your workplace can be greatly affected by your relationships with your colleagues. If you have satisfying and enjoyable connections with your professional peers, chances are you’ll look forward to coming into work and interacting with them each day- whether on projects or at the water cooler.Conversely, if your relationships with your colleagues is nonexistent, lackluster, or worse, you’ll likely dread having to come into work to interact with them all day. The truth is, very few of us work completely alone, so make an effort to get along with your coworkers and you’ll help ensure that you’ll have an enjoyable and pleasant workplace to go to every day.Plan for the future.No one likes to feel that they’re facing a dead end- in life or in work. We should always approach our professional lives as a never-ending journey, not a single destination. If you make it a point to always have a plan for career growth, learning new skills, and expanding your professional horizons, you’ll be able to avoid burnout and resist the static and stuck feelings that make most of us begin to hate our jobs over time.Consider developing short-term (one year) and long-term (five years) plans for professional growth, and it will provide you with a roadmap for exciting personal exploration, confronting new challenges, and reaching new levels of success.If your work life is less than satisfying, use the strategies provided here to turn things around and discover new meaning and purpose in your work. It’s important to both you and your organization that you stay engaged in the long run. The key is to make the best of the situation you’re in- create an environment in which you can thrive and hold on to the skills you’re acquiring to make you a produc tive member of your chosen field.

Management Accounts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management Accounts - Essay Example For example, the cost of labour engaged in a service department can be charged wholly and directly but the canteen expenses of the factory cannot be charged directly and wholly. Its proportionate share will have to be found out. Charging of costs in the former case will be termed as "allocation of costs" whereas in the latter, it will be termed as "apportionment of costs." Management Accounting is an indispensable tool for any business unit to set budgets. It sets standard costs and actual costs of processes, departments or products and through variance analysis measure the profitability and social use of funds. This assists the management to attract more investors and tap potential funding sources. The main aim of costing is the providing crucial management information to ascertain costs, proper allocation of costs to a centre of responsibility, cost planning and control. Further, it provides the necessary information to plan the cost of operation and ability to monitor and control those cost against the plan. Costing can provide all the information required for the effective management decisions. The effective costing is therefore essential for survival of any business. 3.2 Methods of costing Costing can be defined as the procedure and technique of ascertaining costs. The principles in every method of costing are same but the methods of analyzing and presenting the costs differ with the nature of business. The methods of costing are as follows: Absorption Costing Marginal Costing Job Costing Activity Based Costing Batch Costing 3.2.1 Absorption Costing Absorption costing means that all of the manufacturing costs are absorbed by the units produced. In other words, the cost of a finished unit in inventory will include direct materials, direct labour, and both variable and fixed manufacturing overhead. As a result, absorption costing is also termed as full costing or the full absorption method. 3.2.2 Marginal costing Marginal cost means the cost of the marginal or last unit produced. It is also defined as the cost of one more or one less unit produced besides existing level of production. Marginal costing may be defined as the technique of presenting cost data wherein variable costs and fixed costs are shown separately for managerial decision-making. Marginal costing technique has given birth to a very useful concept of contribution

Computer Information System Brief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Computer Information System Brief - Essay Example It is easily understood that Kudler has appropriately invested and organized their computer information method for various business functions. To develop the organization’s computer information system, it is necessary to identify the key business and accounting information needs such as strengths and weaknesses, opportunities as well as threats that Kudler may encounter. â€Å"The accounting firm discovered many troubles in the current information system for Kudler’s Fine Foods. While investigating Kudler’s Fine Foods’ key business and accounting needs, it was determined that they are in need of many changes† (Kudler Fine Foods Information System Analysis, n.d., para. 2). To correctly evaluate and suggest a successful computer system and make assessments based on: 1) Key business and accounting information requirements of Kudler’s Fine Foods. 2) Identifying Kudler’s current computer information system 3) Explaining advantages received from technological improvements in Kudler’s business. 4) Recognizing strengths and weaknesses by way of probable technology threats. The management of Kudler understands that using computer information technology enhances the accounting operations of the company and helps in meeting their company requirements. The computer information system in Kudler feels that food incorporation will develop the communication system between their retail stores by connecting every point-of-sale terminal, altering just-in-time procedure of inventory control management and cooperating with workers, clients as well as dealers to bring foodstuffs to market as quickly and cost efficiently as possible. Besides, by forming a virtual company, Kudler will be capable of expanding a well-organized distribution infrastructure in addition to organizing network of citizens and monetary resources to rapidly make profits for the company. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of Kudler’s current comput er system and technology use, including hardware and software. At the present, most organizations use Information Technology (IT) to enhance functions and develop consumer service. Kudler Fine Food has plans to promote the inventory and ordering mechanization by setting up new e-commerce abilities and an online cookery linkage. Strategic Information Systems of Kudler Fine Foods Company have the capability to amplify strengths into possibly sustainable competitive benefit. Strengths of Kudler’s current computer system are as follows: Easily assessing all costs associated and completion targets. Ease of preservation and maintenance. Tolerates alterations in Management Information System staffing. Documentation of all the activities in all the locations. Well defined user input. Controls all the activities taking place in all the locations. Weaknesses of Kudler’s current computer system include: Increased development time. Enlarged cost of development. Inflexibility. Diff iculties in estimating expenses and projecting overruns. Explain what opportunities Kudler has in terms of technology and provide suggestions for improving Kudler's ability to maximize these opportunities: The Kudler’s food store was established by Kathy Kudler. Kathy enjoys cooking epicure foods and realized an opportunity to give her cooking to the public as a source to obtain revenue. Her stores give the most delicious domestic and imported food items such as pastries and other fresh baked eatables, fresh meat, fresh produce and seafood, packaged food and condiments, specialty

The Current Positioning Of PepsiCo

The Current Positioning Of PepsiCo Pepsi International is a world renowned brand. It is a very well organized multinational company, which operates almost all over the world. They produce, one of best carbonated drinks in the world. Pepsi is a symbol of hygiene, quality and service, all over the world. Pepsi is producing Cola for more than 100 years and it has dominated the world market for a long time. Its head office is in New York. PepsiCo is the second largest food and beverage company in the world. It manufactures markets and sells a variety of salty, sweet and grain-based snacks, carbonated and non-carbonated beverages PepsiCo seeks to achieve growth and long-term value in its operational activities by creating competitive advantages through new product innovation. MISSION STATEMENT To be the worlds premier consumer Products Company focused on convenient foods and beverages. We seek to produce healthy financial rewards to investors as we provide opportunities for growth and enrichment to our employees, our business partners and the communities in which we operate. And in everything we do, we strive for honesty, fairness and integrity. VISION STATEMENT To be the worlds best beverage company. Being the best means providing outstanding quality, service, cleanliness and value, so that their every customer is contented and happy with their products. To increase the value of their shareholders investment through sales growth, cost control and wise investment of resources. FACTS ABOUT THE COMPANY Pepsi is a USA based public company whose stocks are available in New York. Mountain Dew, acquired by Pepsi-Cola in 1964, switches its advertising and package graphics room hillbillies to action-oriented scenes. The third Mountain Dew slogan appeared in 1973 Put A Little Yahoo in Your Life. PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut, Inc. Pizza Hut was founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney. Taco Bell is was acquired by Pepsi. Taco Bell was established in the mid 1960s by Glen Bell. PepsiCo purchased Kentucky Fried Chicken, the leader in the quick service chicken market. KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders. Colonel Sanders began franchising the company in 1952. KFC was spun off along with Pizza Hut and Taco Bell businesses as Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc. in 1997. PepsiCo purchases Seven-Up International, the third largest franchise soft drink operation outside the United States SWOT Analysis, which is based on thorough review of the business (corporation, product category competition, customers and products), identities and evaluates the internal strengths and weakness of the companies well as its external threats and opportunities. The marketing mix is driven by the results of the SWOT analysis. 2.1. STRENGTHS Demand of Pepsi is more than its competitors. Company has a very established name and a good reputation. Pepsi has large market share than its competitors. As the target customers of Pepsi is young generation, so Pepsi has more brand loyal customers. Most of the customers are satisfied with the price of the Pepsi. Pepsi is an international company and it has a very strong position internationally. The environment of factory is very good and attractive. Pepsi spends a lot of budget on its advertising. Pepsi has a very vast distribution channel and it is easily available everywhere. Employees are also motivated. People like the taste and quality of Pepsi around the world Pepsi has heavy advertising and promotion activities Pepsi offers many discount schemes for customers time to time. Pepsi Cola is sponsoring sports, musical concerts, walks 2.2. WEAKNESSES Pepsi does not offer any sort of incentive or discount to its retailers. Pepsi target only young customers in their promotions. Crown of the disposable bottle is not good. Demand of disposal bottle is declining. Result of low profile or non-existent advertising Pepsi tin pack is not available in far off rural areas. Pepsi is not considering many potential outlets like hotels, college canteens etc. Most of the beverages supply is restricted to few countries. Lack of innovation. Lack of popularity of many Pepsis brands Health issues 2.3. OPPORTUNITIES Innovation Company may start entering rural areas also. The company may also diversify its business in some other potential business. Launch healthy drinks Increase mineral water sales Increased interest of people in musical groups, cultural shows and sports has provided an opportunity for Pepsi to increase its sales through them. Overtake competitors Increase Awareness programs New technologies that access efficiencies. Launch other Pepsi variants in the untapped countries. 2.4. THREATS The main competitor of the company is the Coca Cola. At the international level, Pepsi has a very strong competition with Coke. Coke has started its advertisements more effectively to increase their demand and it is a very strong threat for Pepsi. New entrants are gaining market share Ongoing recession Cola drinks are not good for the health so the awareness level of the people is increasing which is a big threat to the company Decrease in Pepsi brand value in last few years. Some negative health effect Economy instability in third world countries Economic altitude become abortive Political instability in few countries The prices of raw materials such as sugar and metals using in manufacturing are increasing rapidly. Adversary is Thinking Seriously About Textile Sector Market Bounded brands 3.1. POLITICAL FACTORS: Political Stability Whenever the government is considered to be stable, the business will flourish. If there is political stability in the country the policies and strategies made by Pepsi can be consistent to be implemented. Foreign companies are also keen to invest in those countries which are politically stable where they have no fear of decline in their market share or shut down due to sudden change of government. Mixed Economy In mixed economy government and private sector both plays their role in developing the economy of the country. Investment by foreign companies like Pepsi is more likely to flourish in mixed economy. Laws Formulation Government has given copy rights to Pepsi so that another company cannot sell their product by the name of Pepsi. The countries where laws are formulated, the strategies and activities of the company are different. Social Responsibility Pepsis social responsibility is to provide its customers with clean and hygienic product so to do this they have increased the use of disposable bottles. 3.2. ECONOMIC FACTORS: Income and Income per Capita If the income level or per capita income of the people increases, it will have a positive effect on the consumption of Pepsi. Inflation If the country faces inflationary trend in the market, the price of the Pepsi will ultimately increase which will lower its demand. Consumption Behavior United Kingdom and other countries are consumption oriented societies. Due to demonstration effect the people are more inclined towards consumption than saving. So the people spent heavily on food items. Hence Pepsi has a good market share in the present circumstances. Income Distribution It means how much is in the hands of rich and poor class. In World 10% rich people posses 93% of wealth and 90% people posses 7% of wealth. If there is balanced distribution of income in the country, the consumption of the people will increase hence increasing the sales of beverages as well. Payment Mod As the use of plastic money is increasing the consumption pattern of the people are increasing. Although it will have a low affect on the consumption of Pepsi. Employment Opportunities As employment opportunities increase the living standard of the people increase and the people consume more. Aggregate Demand In case of Pepsi, aggregate demand of the product increases in the season of summer as the hot weather makes the consumers want to drink more. Aggregate Supply In summer season to cope up with the increasing demand they have to increase the aggregate supply of their product. Economic Policies Some of the economic policies which can affect the market of Pepsi are discussed below: Fiscal Policy It is the policy of taxes. If heavy tax is levied on Pepsi then its price will rise having negative effect on its consumption. Monetary Policy Monetary policy is made to restrict or increase the supply of money in the market. If policies are made to restrict the flow of money in the market, inflation can be controlled hence increasing the real income of the people which will ultimately affect the consumption of Pepsi. Price Policy If price of Pepsi is increased its demand will decrease and vice versa. Income Policy If income of the people will increase their purchasing power will increase and hence increasing the market share of Pepsi? 3.3. SOCIAL FACTORS: Psychographic It is a combination of demographic and psychological factors. Psychological attributes mean how you perceive things. The company will focus on the behavior of consumers and make different changes in their product quantity or quality and in promoting their product so that they can attract the customers. Keeping in view that the behavior of different consumers is not alike they have to make their marketing strategies in accordance with their requirements so that they are convinced to buy the product. Religious Religious factors can influence the market sales of Pepsi as it happened in 2003 when the U.S-led attack on Iraq, wide sections of society in Pakistan have banned American multinationals Coke and Pepsi Social Status Pepsi is a well renowned brand. People who are brand conscious will not drink beverages of lesser known brands. They will try to show their status by drinking Pepsi which is known to all as a quality drink. Media It is a very important factor for marketing. Media these days is a very effective way of inspiring people to buy a specific product. A good promotion can boast up sales to a great extent. 3.4. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS: Research and Development Through research and development quality of the product can be improved or better techniques or machinery can be developed which can increase the production. When technology is advance the supply of the product increase hence the company experiences growth in their business. Pepsi operates in almost all the countries and these are also technological factors: Introduction of cans and plastic Bottles Newer and attractive Designs State-of-the-Art plants Advertisement 3.5. OTHERS FACTORS: 3.5.1. DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS: Age The requirements of different age groups are different. Pepsi should target that age group that consumes it the most and make promotional strategies according to their behavior. So their main target is the young generation. Education A company has to make promotional strategies keeping in view the customer level. If the percentage of education is high in a country then through advertisements people can be made well aware of their product and can convey their message easily. Promotion and education has a direct relationship. Population Distribution Population distribution means how much [population lives urban areas and rural areas. Pepsi is focusing on urban areas as people there are more inclined towards such beverage while people in rural areas are more inclined drinking desi drinks. 3.5.2. PHYSICAL FACTOR: Region World is divided into different geographical regions. Marketing and sales of Pepsi is different in different geographical regions. In hot areas its demand is more. City Size The cities which are densely populated the consumption of Pepsi is more. Climate Pepsi is more suitable for humid or hot weathered countries. It is a source of refreshment when a person is thirty due to the hot weather. Infrastructure Roads are the basic need for transportation of Pepsi from one place to another. Pepsi cannot open factories in every city so it has to transport it to other cities where Pepsi is demanded. Electricity is the basic necessity for production of any product. Constant load shedding slows down the process of production which leads to less production and low market share. The marketing world is full of surprises. Who could imagine that Coca Cola would be overtaken by Pepsi? If Coke could be overrun by Pepsi, it would be no wonder that Pepsi might be overtaken by some other beverage. The need then is to combine quality with ingenuity. Along with that, the reputation of the company has to be kept robust. Today we live in a fast moving world where novelty and newness count a lot. One cannot rest on ones laurels. Fresh efforts, newness of approach must remain the cardinal principles of a well orchestrated marketing strategy and the campaign must be relentless. A continuous bombardment in advertisement would convince the clients that Pepsi is a part of their lives. In order to live with style, Pepsi ought to be an essential ingredient of ones life. The Pepsi is at its maturity stage and the sales of company are not growing very rapidly. Company is doing a lot of promotional activities to let the product remain in the market. It holds a large share of the market and whenever the sales state declining, the company can improve it by different promotional activities. Marketers of Pepsi can try to improve sales by improving one or more marketing mix elements. They can cut prices to attract new users and competitors customers. They can also launch a better advertising campaign or use aggressive sales promotion to improve the sales. Thus, Pepsi is at its maturity stage. PEPSI, the choice of Generation next is not providing the first choice of young generation. A young generation wants something strong in cold drinks thus prefers Thumsup. Pepsi should come out with some extra strong taste to catch up maximum young generation to become exactly Generation Next drink. Company should appoint competent honest salesman so that they could provide schemes to the entire retailers cover their full route. It is often seen that some salesman do not intimate schemes to the retailer few of the retailers complained about it. So there should be frequent visits of Customer Executives to their respective areas to keep the shopkeepers benefited with various schemes. Delay in starting of supply vans from respective depot should be checked a proper time register should be maintained. Most of the retailers are complaining about non-fulfillment of commitments regarding their sampling. Company should make sure that the retailers get the sampling on time so that they are satisfied. Most of the retailers are complaining about delay no replacement of burst bottles. Marketing Management should sort some solutions to this major problem of replacing burst bottles. Half filled bottles should also be checked at the time of issue of goods from the distributors go down to the respective routes. Company should try to give some credit facility to the distributors so that they get motivated. Credit facility for retailers should be provided. Proper feedback system should be developed by ensuring regular visits check randomly at the various outlets Pepsi is a well renowned company and it has maintained its position well by understanding the client psychology, by ensuring quality, by introducing ingenuity in products, by enlarging its product base, by keeping economic factors in view and by intense and jazzy advertisements. Whenever and where ever there is a spotlight event, Pepsi must figure in, like the cricket and football matches between any country and many other such occasions. The key word for success in the Marketing World is to remain in the spotlight and that is what Pepsi is doing. SWOT Analysis of Pepsi, which is based on thorough review of the business (corporation, product category competition, customers and products), identities and evaluates the internal strengths and weakness of the company well as its external threats and opportunities.